Chuck for lathes and the like



-J. W. HEIGH. CHUCK FOR LAIHES AND THE LIKE.

APPLICATIONJILED DEC. 16, 1920.

Patented May 23, 1922..

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

' ATTORNEY J. w. HEIGH. CHUCK FOR LATHES AND THE LIKE.

I APPUCATION FILED DEC.15 I920.

Patented May 23, 1922.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

59 BY W;- 745 ATTORNEY APPLICATION FILED DEC. I6, I920.

Patented May 23, 1922.

m n a 0% M v m, m

hhil hil w JOHN W. HEIGI-I, OF BQCHESTEB, NEW' YORK.

CHUCK FOR LATHES AND THE LIKE.

Specification of Letters latcnt.

Patented May 23, 1922.

To all whom it may] concern:

Be it known that 1, JOHN W. HEIGH, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, residing atltochester, in the county of Monroe and State of NewYork, have invented certain new and useful improvements in Chucks forLathes and the like, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to chucks for lathes and the like, and has for itsobject to provide a work holding chuck of the type adapted to bedetachably mounted on the end of a spindle.

A more particular object of the invention is to afford a simple andpractical mecha' nism, of such character that the operator can readilyposition or remove a piece of work, he work being held tightly andrigidly, when engagedby the collet.

An additional object of the improvement is to make it possible for theoperator to attach a piece of work quickly and conveniently, throughoperating means that is in immediate proximity to the point where thework is held.

The invention is also intended to accomplish certain other purposes, andincludes various improvements, as will be fully understood from thefollowing description, considered in conjunction with the accompanyingdrawings, while the novel features 'of my lnvention are pointed out inthe claims following the description. In the drawings:

Figure 1 is an elevation of the work holding end of a chuck, constructedin accord ance with a preferred embodiment of my invention, and with aportion of the housing removed.

l igure 2 is, a side elevation of the portion of the housing adapted tobe attached to the parts illustrated in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view on line 33 of Figure 1, andshowing the collet in position for clamping the work.

Figure l 18 a longitudinal sectional new on line 44 of Figure 1, andshowing the collet in position for releasing the work.

Figure 5 is an end elevation of the chuck,

looking at the Work retaining end.

Figure 6 is an end elevation of the chuck,

looking at the spindle engaging end.

Figure 7 is an enlarged side elevation of the operating mechanism,partly broken away, and with parts removed to illustrate the reversibledog positioned for tightening the collet.

Figure 8 is a similar view, with parts broken away, illustrating thereversible dog positioned for loosening the collet.

Figure 9 is a plan view of the reversible dog.

Figure 10 is a detail sectional view on line 10--1O of Figure 7, and

Figure 11 is a sectional view on line 11-- 11 of Figure 4.

In general, the chuck of my invention embodies a collet slidable in ahousing, and having connected therewith an actuating member, preferablyin the form of a collar in threaded engagement with the collet. Byturning the collar referred to, the collet is caused to slide one way orthe other, and its slidable movement is reversed when the actuatingcollar is turned in the reverse direction. The actuating member orcollar is controlled by oscillatory operating means, which preferablyincludes a frame carrying a device for engagement with the actuatingcollar and acting when adjusted, to move the collar in'either directionof rotation. T his may be brought about by a pivoted dog that. isreversible so as to cooperate in either 'one of two positions with teethon the actuating collar, and the frame carrying the dog is preferablyprovided with a manipulating hand wheel.

The purposes of the invention can be carried out in various ways, andthe mechanism herein described is to be understood as merely one exampleof various practical crnbodinlents. In the structure illustrated, 1 and2 designate complementary parts of a housing whicl'i are held togetherby threaded pins 3, the entire assembly being adapted for support on theend of a spindle by means of the threaded portion 4, on the housingsection. 1. In order to afford an accurate fit between sections 1 and 2,section 1 is provided with recesses 5-, Figures 1 and 2, formed in thesides of extensions 6, and adapted to receive cooperating locking lugsor pins 7.

S designates the collet arranged within the housing and adapted forsliding movement, either to the position shown in Figure 3 for clampingthe work .2', or to the position shown in Figure 1 tor releasing thework, and I will now describe the mechanism by which this slidingmovement oi the collet is accomplished.

9 designates the collet actuating member preferably consisting of acollar with an interior threaded portion 10, engaging a threaded end onthe collet, so that when the actuating member 9 is rotated in onedirection or the other, it produces a corresponding sliding movement ofthe collet. The latter, when drawn inwardly to the position shown inFigure 3, is clamped about the work by reason of the engagement ofprojections 11 with the inclined seat 12, and whenthe collet is movedoutwardly as in Figure t, its split ends are thread and the workreleased.

The actuating member 9 is adapted to be controlled by oscillatoryoperating means, provided with a manually adjustable device for fixingthe direction of rotation of the actuating member when the operatingmeans is oscillated. To accomplish this, the actuating collar 9 isprovided with a series of teeth 13, and the operating means includes aframe comprising a pair of plates i l and 1.5, which at their centralportions are spaced from each other and located on opposite sides of theteeth 13.

16 designates a bearing or pin supported between the plates 14- and 15,and pivoted on the pin 16 is a manually reversible device or dog. Thelatter includes two operating portions 17 and 18 arranged on oppositesides of the pivotal point, and a manipulating finger portion 20, whichextends through an opening 21 in the housing and is accessible from theexterior, in order to adjust the position of the do Then the dog ispositioned as shown in Figure 7, by oscillating the operating means orframe, the collet is tightened, and upon reversing the position of thedog, as illustrated in Figure 8, oscillation of the operating meansserves to loosen the collet. The reversible dog cooperates with thetoothed actuating collar 9- after the fashion of a ratchet pawl, beingdrawn over the teeth during its return movement, and having engagementwith one of the teeth during its Forward movement, and suitablemechanism is provided for bold ing the pawl in the selected position ofadjustment.

To this end, each operating portion of the dog is provided with curvedrecesses or pockets 22 located at its four edges, or in other words, onboth sides, and both inwardy and outwardly of? the operating portion,and the recesses on each side are arranged in junta-relation to eachother for a purpose that will appear presently.

Attached to the plates 14 and 15 are cups 23, constituting retainers forballs 24, the latter being actuated by springs 25 and co operating withthe recesses 22 as shown in Figure 10. By disposing the side recesses inj uXta-relation to one another, the balls 24 snap instantly from onerecess into the other, and thus assist in the manual operation ofchanging the position of the dog. It will be understood that to adjustthe dog from one position to another, suflicient pressure must beapplied to the finger piece 20 to overcome the resistance of the springs25, and 1t will be observed that thedog is held in either position ofadjustment by the simultaneous engagement of balls with the innerpockets or recesses on one operating portion of the dog and the outerpockets on the other operating portion of the dog,thus imparting amaximum locking etl'ec-t, and preventing any accidental displacement ofthe dog.

The operating means is preferably manipulated by. a hand wheel orequivalent member surrounding the chuck, and to this end, the plates 1and 15 have outwardly projecting otlset portions or extensions 26 whichare located adjacent to one another and have attached thereto a handwheel 27.

It is essential that the actuating collet 9 be held firmly in adjustedposition so as to maintain a tight grip on the work, and this isaccomplished in the following manner. Fined within a recess in thehousing section 2 is a retaining collar 28 having openings or pocketstherein. Mounted in the pockets 29 are spring actuated balls 30 whichengage corresponding recesses in the side of the actuating collar 9, asshown in Figures 3 and 4. This imparts sufficient frictional lockingeflect upon the actuating collar 9 to prevent its accidental movement orslipping. The retainer 28 also carries a key 31 which engages a groovein the collet 8 to prevent turning movement of the latter within thehousing.

In operating the device, the entire unit is first securely fixed on asupporting spindle by threading the portion 4 thereon. With the colletreleased, as shown in Figure 4, a work piece a; is inserted, and thefinger 20 of the reversible dog adjusted as shown in Figure 7.

Then by moving the hand wheel 27 back and forth, the amount of suchmovement being determined by the space between the projecting portions6, see Figure 1, the ac tuating collar is turned in the direction of thearrow, see Figure 7, thereby sliding the collet inwardly from itsposition of Figure l, until it reaches the position shown in Figure 3.To release the work, the finger piece 20 is shifted to the positionshown in Figure 8, and then by moving the hand wheel 27 back and forth,the actuating collar 9 is caused to travel in the direction shown by thearrow in Figure 8, thereby sliding the collet 8 outwardly to theposition shown in Figure 4, i

WVhile I have described the invention with reference to a particularmechanism, it is not limited to the details shown, but may be modifiedwithout departing from the fundamental purposes set forth, and asdefined in the following claims.

I claim:

1. A chuck comprising a collet, a rotary actuating member cooperatingwith the collet, and operating means controlling said actuating memberand including an oscillatory hand wheel surrounding the chuck and havingan alternating grip and release engagement with said actuating member.

2. A chuck comprising a housing, a collet slid-ably arranged in thehousing and held against rotation, a rotary actuating member cooperatingwith the collet for sliding it back and forth, and operating means forthe actuating member including an oscillatory hand wheel surrounding thechuck and having an alternating grip and release engagement with saidactuating member.

3. A. chuck comprising a collet, a rotary actuating member cooperatingwith the collet, and operating means surrounding the chuck and acting,when oscillated, to cause a rotary movement of the actuating member inone direction.

4:. A. chuck comprising a collet, a rotary actuat'ng member cooperatingwith the col- ].et, and operating means surrounding the chuck andacting, when oscillated, to cause a rotation of the actuating member inone direction, the operating means including a manually adjustabledevice which is positionable to determine the direction of rotation ofthe actuating member.

5. A chuck comprising a housing, a collet slidable in the housing, arotary actuating member cooperating with the collet and provided with aseries of teeth, and oscillatory operating means including a reversibledog cooperating with said teeth so as to move the actuating member ineither direction.

6. A. chuck comprising a housing, a collet slidable in the housing, arotary actuating member cooperating with the collet and provided with aseries of teeth, oscillatory operating means including a reversible dogcooperating with said teeth so as to move the actuating member in eitherdirection,

and frictional locking means for holding the dog in adjusted position.

7. A chuck comprising a housing, a collet slidable within the housing, arotary actuating member cooperating with the collet and having a seriesof teeth thereon, oscillatory operating means including a pair of plateslocated on opposite sides of the aforementioned teeth, a manuallyreversible dog journaled between said plates so as to cooperate withsaid teeth in opposite positions for moving the actuating member in onedirection or the other, said plates having extensions arranged adjacentto one another at their outer ends and a hand wheel connected to saidouter ends of the plates for manipulating the operating means.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name.

JOHN W. HEIGH.

